Resumen

DOLANDE, M.; REVIAKINA, V.; PANIZO, M.  y  MALDONADO, B.. Immunological diagnosis to the systemic mycoses in patients with AIDS (1997-2001).. Rev. Soc. Ven. Microbiol. [online]. 2002, vol.22, n.1, pp.51-56. ISSN 1315-2556.

The deep systemic and opportunistic mycoses are pathologies that have been incremented in immunosuppressed patients in the last years, because of apparition of HIV, etiological agent of AIDS. The aim of this research was to determine the incidence of systemic mycoses in AIDS patients through immunodiagnosis in the National Hygiene Institute "Rafael Rangel" from 1997 to 2001. 1044 samples (serum and cerebrospinal fluid) were processed. Diagnosis of Histoplasmosis, Paracoccidioidomycosis, Coccidioidomycosis and Aspergillosis were carried out by double immunodiffusion, and by latex agglutination in the case of Cryptococcosis. From 583 samples of AIDS patients, 113 (19,4%) were positive for the systemic mycoses. The pathology distribution was the following: Histoplasmosis 57 (50,4%), Cryptococcosis 48 (42,5%) Paracoccidioidomycosis 5 (4,4%), Aspergillosis 2 (1,8%) and Coccidioidomycosis 1 (0,9%). None of the pathologies under investigation were detected in the 461 samples from patients with asymptomatic HIV infection. Our results show that Histoplasmosis and Cryptococcosis are the most common systemic mycoses in AIDS patients, as has been reported in the international reviews. We recommended the use of double immunodiffusion and latex agglutination tests for the diagnosis and follow-up of systemic mycoses in these patients, because of their high sensitivity, specificity and easy of application.

Palabras clave : Diagnóstico; inmunodifusión; micosis sistémicas; SIDA.