Resumen

CERMENO, Julman R et al. Etiology of acute diarrhea in children under five years of age in Ciudad Bolivar, Venezuela. Rev. Soc. Ven. Microbiol. [online]. 2008, vol.28, n.1, pp.55-60. ISSN 1315-2556.

The infectious etiology of acute diarrhea in children under five years of age in Ciudad Bolivar, Bolivar State was determined. One hundred and ten stool samples were processed. The tests included direct examination, the Kato-Katz concentration method, the formol-ether method and the Kinyoun method for parasite identification, detection of viral Adenovirus and Rotavirus antigens through Latex Diarlex ®, stool culture, and modified Ryan-Blue trichromic stain for Microsporidium spp. Prevalence of intestinal parasitosis was 27.3% and Blastocytis hominis and Giardia lamblia were the most frequent parasites (11.8% and 9.2% respectively). Eleven samples were positive for Rotavirus (10.0%) and 3 for Adenovirus (2.7%). The enterobacteria diagnosed were enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (2.7%; 3/110), Salmonella spp (1.8%; 2/110) and Shigella spp (0.9%; 1/110). The most frequent symptoms were: fever (40.1%) and abdominal pain (27.3%). Microsporidium spp was not observed. There was no significant association between presence of enteropathogens and symptoms (p>0.05). It is concluded that the etiology of acute diarrhea in children under five years of age in Ciudad Bolivar during the study period was mainly of parasite and viral origin.

Palabras clave : Adenovirus; Blastocytis hominis; acute diarrhea; Giardia lamblia; Rotavirus; Salmonella spp..