Resumo

VERA GARNICA, José. The Salmon Cluster in Chile: Analysis  of Competitiveness Factors on an International Scale . Revista Venezolana de Gerencia [online]. 2009, vol.14, n.47, pp.343-370. ISSN 1315-9984.

This study aims to identify and analyze the central factors that determine the international competitiveness of the Salmon Cluster in Chile. The methodology used is descriptive, contrasting theoretical approaches raised by Porter in “Determining the Competitive Advantage of Nations” and “External Economies and Joint Action” developed by Schmitz. Results state that factors consisting of natural conditions, low labor costs and the presence of specialized educational centers play an important role in cluster competitiveness. With regard to ancillary and related sectors, the network of suppliers and technology has enhanced its efficiency. The cluster structure has been boosted with the arrival of foreign capital, strengthening innovation and technology transfer. As for collective efficiency, the result of external economies and joint action is determined by a strong network of partnerships. The Salmon Cluster Chile is a case where elements to strengthen its competitiveness in international markets are the product of particular conditions regarding the territory and the ability to produce action.

Palavras-chave : Competitiveness factors; manufacturing clusters; economies of agglomeration; international markets.