Resumen

ROJAS, Reinaldo. NATION AND NATIONALISM IN THE THEORY AND HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY FINAL YEARS. Investigación y Postgrado [online]. 2004, vol.19, n.2, pp.61-88. ISSN 1316-0087.

This research has as purpose a partial synthesis on the actual debate about nation and nationalism that has developed in the fields of historiography and social science in the last two decades of the twentieth century. After setting the debate in the context of the demise of socialism, the advancement of the economic globalization and the accelerated growth of tecnotronic and the information revolution, different factors are being studied that have had a strong influence in the awakening of nationalisms and the contemporary national state crisis through those authors that, from different theoretical and ideological perspectives have set renewed points of view of the national fact. Starting with the ideological antecedents of the XIX century and of the Marxist debate of the first decades of the XX century, the statements of different authors and their works such as Eric Hobsbawm, Pierre Vilar, Benedit Anderson, Ernest Gellner, Pierre Fougeyrollas and Etienne Balibar have been analyzed to finish with an approximation to the national fact in Latin America and the Caribbean area, all of it framed as a socio-historic, political and cultural problem that proposes the opening of a historiography debate about the real construction of regional identities that can really be a certain path for the permanent construction of an idea of nation in our continent.

Palabras clave : universal historiography; nation; nationalism.