Resumo

JIMENEZ, María Auxiliadora; ULACIO, Dilcia; PERDOMO, Wilfredo  e  BRICENO, Elizabeth. Mycobiota and plant nematodes from rhizosphere and root in garlic (Allium sativum L.). Bioagro [online]. 2009, vol.21, n.3, pp.209-216. ISSN 1316-3361.

The mycobiota and plant nematodes from rhizosphere and root of garlic were determined in two localities of Agua Negra, Lara State, Venezuela. One hundred and fifty plants of healthy aspect were collected at random 45, 90 and 135 days after the emergency of the plantlets. The fungi associated to the rizosphere were determined by the dilution plates technique, and for the fungi associated to the roots, 15 of those organs were washed, cut into pieces, and placed on agar-water acidified with lactic acid. The colonies that grew were quantified and transferred to potato-dextrose-agar, for later identification. The relative frequency of the genera of isolated fungi was calculated. For the analysis of plant nematodes, segments of roots were cut and crushed, and 500 g of soil were processed in the Oostenbrink levigador, Cobb's sieves, and Baerman's funnels. The genera identified were Fusarium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Rhizopus and Trichoderma, common to both localities, and the major relative frequency was for F. equiseti, F. solani and Cladosporium allii sp. The roots were colonized by a smaller population than the rizosphere. F.solani and T. harzianum were common in both localities, although in one of them there were a higher number of colony-forming units. The dominant species of nematodos were Helicotylenchus, Psilenchus and Aphelenchoides. These isolated species might be on the surface of the root without being pathogenics.

Palavras-chave : Parasitic fungus; antagonist fungus; saprophytic fungus; parasitic nematodes.