Resumo

PARDO, Adriana; RIVERO, Susana  e  ALVARADO, Geine. In vitro conservation of microbulbs in garlic (Allium sativum L.). Bioagro [online]. 2014, vol.26, n.2, pp.115-122. ISSN 1316-3361.

With the objective of establishing a minimal growth protocol for Allium sativum preservation, microbulbs were stored in the following five preservation media: T₁= MS with 45 g·L^-1 sucrose, T₂= ½ MS with 45 g·L^-1 sucrose, T₃= ½ MS, T₄= ¼ MS with 45 g·L^-1 sucrose, and T₅= ¼ MS; all treatments with 8 g·L^-1 agar. A completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 30 experimental units per treatment was employed. Variables such as survival and vigor of microbulbs, shoot and root regeneration, shoot height, number of shoots per microbulb, and number of leaves per microbulb were evaluated at monthly intervals for 210 days, while microbulb weight and diameter were determined at the end of the experiment. Survival, vigor and foliage-related variables were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and multiple range comparison, while Anova and Tukey test were used for bulb weight and diameter. Microbulbs cultured in medium ¼ MS with 45 g·L^-1 sucrose showed highest mean survival, vigor, weight and diameter, up to 210 days. Storage during that time under conditions of minimal growth without the need for new subcultures would help to lower costs for labor and supplies required for medium preparation. On the other hand, media such as ½ MS or MS, both with 45 g·L^-1 sucrose, may be used to preserve microbulbs for periods lower than 120 days. In the ½ and ¼ MS media without sucrose (T₃ and T₅) there were lower values ​​of survival, shoot regeneration, vigor and shoot height. Results showed that medium ¼ MS with 45 g·L^-1 sucrose can be useful for biodiversity preservation of the clone ‘Boconó’ for breeding purposes.

Palavras-chave : Tissue culture; minimal growth conditions; microbulbification.

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