Abstract

SANCHEZ-LEON, Gina; VARGAS-RINCON, Andrea  and  JIMENEZ, Pedro. Evaluation of the antifungal activity of two ethanolic extracts of Raphanus raphanistrum morphotypes on three phytopathogenic fungi. Bioagro [online]. 2015, vol.27, n.1, pp.2-10. ISSN 1316-3361.

The use and the scientific interest of plant extracts have grown in the recent years since they exhibit activity against bacteria and fungi. This activity has been attributed to the different secondary metabolites present in the extracts. Plants belonging to the Brassicaceae family show different secondary metabolites such as glucosinolates and its derivates (isothiocyanates), and phytoalexins. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess the in vitro effect of different ethanolic extracts from the plant Raphanus raphanistrum against the mycelial growth and the conidia production of three important plant pathogens: Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum acutatum and Fusarium oxysporum. Additionally, we determined the possible effect of the plant phenologic phase and flower morphotype (violet-white or terracotta-beige flowers) on the activity of the extracts against fungi. Also, we tried to determine if the organ where the extract was obtained from (shoots and leaves vs. fruits and seeds) has an influence on the effect against fungi. Results showed that the effect of the extracts on fungi is highly variable. It is possible that the variability could be due to the differential capacity of the fungi to detoxify the compounds present in the extracts. The effect of the extracts on conidiation was also very variable and in particular in the case of the fungus C. acutatum, the extract activated the conidiation. None of the extracts showed a fungitoxic activity and in all cases the activity was fungistatic.

Keywords : Botrytis cinerea; Brassicaceae; Colletotrichum acutatum; Fusarium oxysporum; glucosinolates.

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