Abstract

PARDO, Adriana; HERNANDEZ, Alexander; MENDEZ, Naileth  and  ALVARADO, Geine. Genetic analysis using RAPD markers of in vitro conserved and irradiated garlic microbulbs. Bioagro [online]. 2015, vol.27, n.3, pp.143-150. ISSN 1316-3361.

Due to apomictic condition, garlic shows a vegetative reproduction, thus genetic breeding is limited to clonal selection and search for variability by procedures such as somaclonal variation or induced mutagenesis. After clone or mutant with desired characteristics is obtained, maintenance or preservation in germoplasm banks should be considered. In this regard, analyses by RAPD technique was made for evaluating genetic stability in garlic microbulbs clone ‘Boconó’ conserved in vitro or to detect presence of genetic variations in materials irradiated with gamma. During conservation, microbulbs were stored in five media:         T₁ = MS + sucrose 45 g·L^-1, T₂ = ½ MS + sucrose 45 g·L^-1, T₃ = ½ MS, T₄ = ¼ MS + sucrose 45 g·L^-1 and T₅ = ¼ MS. Mutagenic treatments consisted in irradiance of microbulbs with gamma at 0, 6, 8 and 10 krad. Out of 12 primers used, 10 and 9 yield 62 and 71 polymorphic bands in treatments related to conservation and mutagenesis, respectively. Results showed that ¼ MS and ½ MS medium, both with sucrose, can be used to conserve microbulbs with genetic stability for 210 days, while the application of 8 or 10 krad gamma rays promoted changes or genetic variations in the garlic microbulbs.

Keywords : Gamma radiation; microbulbification; minimum growth; tissue culture.

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