Abstract

CANNOVA, Domenica Carolina et al. Seroepidemiology urban visceral leishmaniasis: Barrio Los Próceres. Naguanagua municipality. Carabobo State, Venezuela. 2009. Salus [online]. 2011, vol.15, n.2, pp.17-21. ISSN 1316-7138.

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Latin America and particularly in Venezuela, is a protozoan infection that in recent decades has shown changes in the epidemiological pattern, initially rural to activating urban foci, resulting in the emergence of a public health problem in the periphery of large cities. In the Parasitology Department, Carabobo University, in 2005, was diagnosed a case of human visceral leishmaniasis in a 2-year old child, resident of Barrio Los Próceres, located in the Municipality Naguanagua, Carabobo State. This was the first reported case of VL in this community. From this finding we carried out a seroepidemiological study in human and canine population of this community in an attempt to characterize it as an urban focus of VL. An epidemiological survey was conducted and blood samples were taken from the human and canine population living in an area of 200 m. of the index case, in order to detect anti-leishmania antibodies using the ELISA-rK39 test. The seroprevalence obtained for human was 5.96% (9 / 151), and for dogs 24.24% (8 / 33). 55.55% of seropositive humans were between 0-13 years old. No evidence of association between seropositivity and assessed epidemiological variables such as educational level, occupation, length of residence in the town of origin, from other communities and the presence of dogs. Most of the seropositive dogs were over 2 years of age and in an asymptomatic condition. Results suggest the presence of a new recent focus of urban LV of in the studied area.

Keywords : seroepidemiology urban visceral leishmaniasis; Carabobo State; Venezuela.

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