Resumen

RIVAS, Aleida. Diabetes and Pregnancy: Agreements and controversies on diagnosis and treatment. Salus [online]. 2015, vol.19, n.1, pp.27-33. ISSN 1316-7138.

An adequate management of diabetes during pregnancy is fundamental to prevent related maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. There is no consensus on existing international guidelines, and many controversial aspects persist. A review of the subject was conducted, searching for scientific and costeffective criteria as the basis to provide the best care to patients with diabetes and pregnancy. There is a general agreement on the need for interdisciplinary teams that provide maternal clinicalmetabolic monitoring, where optimal glycemic control, achieved and maintained throughout pregnancy, is the cornerstone. For this, the indication and compliance of non-pharmacological measures, such as education, diet planning, exercise, smoking cessation and psychosocial support are essential, in addition to pharmacological measures, where insulin is the treatment of choice. Also, surveillance of fetal health, obstetric care in high risk pregnancies and immediate care of the newborn are needed. Unfortunately, many controversies still persist, particularly in terms of screening for hyperglycemia in pregnancy (Gestational Diabetes and Diabetes in pregnancy), as well as regarding applicable therapeutic and metabolic control measures. When selecting available options, the importance of an individualized clinical reasoning, compliance with regulations and ethical issues are emphasized in order to ensure greater safety to the mother-fetus binomial.

Palabras clave : Gestational diabetes; diabetes in pregnancy; pregestational diabetes.

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