Abstract

RUIZ, Nelina; BOSCH, Virgilio; RODRIGUEZ, Virginia  and  ESPINOZA, Milagros. Estratificación socioeconómica, estado nutricional y lípidos plasmáticos en escolares venezolanos. Rev. Venez. Endocrinol. Metab. [online]. 2012, vol.10, n.1, pp.28-37. ISSN 1690-3110.

Objective: To associate anthropometric and lipid profile with socioeconomic status in a group of Venezuelan schoolchildren from high class, medium class or in extreme poverty. Methods: We studied 161 children aged 7-9 years old from three socioeconomic strata: high or II (n = 50), medium or III (n = 58), extreme poverty or V (n = 53) according to the method of Graffar-Mendez Castellano. Weight and height were recorded; total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol in plasma were measured by enzymatic-colorimetric methods. Body mass index (BMI), LDL cholesterol and cardiovascular risk indices were calculated. Results: The frequency of overweight was higher in high and middle class while underweight was more prevalent in low class children, although no significant differences. After adjustment for gender and BMI, middle class children showed significantly lower HDL cholesterol levels and higher values of triglyceride, non-HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio, LDL cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio and triglyceride/HDL cholesterol ratio compared with high class children. Compared to high class children, children in extreme poverty showed significantly lower HDL cholesterol and higher levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio, LDL cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio and triglyceride/HDL cholesterol ratio. The number of cases of hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol, elevated total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio and elevated triglyceride/HDL cholesterol ratio was higher in middle and low class children compared to high class children, this finding was most evident in the group of middle class. Conclusions: An increased cardiovascular risk profile was observed in low and middle children, coexisting higher frequency of obesity and dyslipidemia in the middle class.

Keywords : Lipid profile; lipoproteins; obesity; socioeconomic status; schoolchildren.

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