Resumen

BRICENO, Yajaira et al. Prevalencia de complicaciones microvasculares en niños y adolescentes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1: asociación con control metabólico, edad y duración de la enfermedad. Rev. Venez. Endocrinol. Metab. [online]. 2012, vol.10, n.3, pp.152-161. ISSN 1690-3110.

Objective: to determine the frequency of microvascular complications (MC) in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1), and its association with metabolic control, age and time of evolution. Methods: records of 253 patients with DM1 (2004-2006) were reviewed. Age, sex, pubertal status, duration of diabetes, metabolic control (mean HbA1c) and presence of MC (retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy) were collected. Results: of the patients, 118 were male (46.6%) and 135 female (53.4%), 8.7% preschoolers, 31.7% schoolchildren and 59.6% adolescents. Good metabolic control was observed in 23.2% and poor control in 76.8%. The presence of complications was studied in 116 patients, 61 (52.6%) showed alterations, 4 (3.5%) had retinopathy, 57 (49.1%) nephropathy and 26 (22.4%) neuropathy. Complications were significantly associated with disease duration (p <0.003), age (p <0.009), pubertal development (p <0.007) and were more common in patients with poor control (not significant). Age was the most important explanatory variable of the presence of complications (R2: 0.200; Odd’s ratio: 1.227, IC: 1.108 to 1.358, p=0.0001). Conclusion: the MC in this group of patients with DM1 had a prevalence similar to that reported in the literature, and were associated with longer duration of disease and older age. It should propose strategies for improving metabolic control.

Palabras clave : type 1 diabetes mellitus; metabolic control; chronic complications.

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