Resumo

AGUIRRE, Miguel A  e  GRUPO DE ENDOCRINOLOGIA MERIDA (ENDO-MER) et al. Diagnóstico y Manejo de la Insuficiencia Adrenal. Rev. Venez. Endocrinol. Metab. [online]. 2013, vol.11, n.3, pp.157-167. ISSN 1690-3110.

Adrenal Insufficiency (AI) is a pathology caused by a decreased secretion of steroid hormones by the adrenal cortex, characterized by a predominant deficiency of glucocorticoids. AI can be classified as primary, when the underlying defect is in the adrenal gland, being the adrenalitis autoimmune the most common cause, or secondary, due to alterations in the secretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) or corticotropin (ACTH), which most common cause is the abrupt discontinuation of glucocorticoids after its administration for an extended period. Both primary and secondary forms of IA may occur in an acute or chronic manner. Most symptoms of cortisol deficiency are nonspecific, including weakness, anorexia, nausea, among others; the main signs are weight loss, hyperpigmentation and hypotension, being more characteristics of the primary AI. A concentration less than 3 µg/ dL of basal cortisol or less than 18 µg/dL of cortisol post-stimulus confirm the diagnosis of this entity. The ACTH determination allows the distinction between primary and secondary AI. The treatment in most cases is simply to replace the deficit of glucocorticoid, being hydrocortisone the drug of choice. Because this condition can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality, an initiative was taken by our Endocrinology Service to synthesize in this protocol the information so far available, as well as our experience, with respect to the diagnosis and management of this disease.

Palavras-chave : Adrenal insufficiency; Addison's disease; glucocorticoids; cortisol.

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