Resumen

MEJIA-MONTILLA, Jorly  y  REYNA-VILLASMIL, Eduardo. Obesity, insulin resistance and hypertension during pregnancy. Rev. Venez. Endocrinol. Metab. [online]. 2017, vol.15, n.3, pp.169-181. ISSN 1690-3110.

Prevalence of obesity during pregnancy is increasing exponentially. About 15-20% of women begin pregnancy with a body mass index that would define them as obese. Pregnancies in obese women have an increased risk of complications such as gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, preterm delivery and cesarean section. There is convincing evidence that obesity increases three times the risk of preeclampsia and in developed countries is the main risk attributable to the disorder. Obese pregnant women are at risk of hypertension and preeclampsia due to reduced vascularity and placental blood flow, mediate in part, by insulin resistance. Adipokines, metabolic hormones, cytokine profile, and insulin resistance have a direct impact on placental function, predisposing to the appearance of preeclampsia. This review explores the evidence of strong links between obesity, insulin resistance that this produces, and its role in preeclampsia.

Palabras clave : Preeclampsia; obesity; insulin resistance.

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