Resumen

BERTI-MOSER, Jesús; GONZALEZ-RIVAS, Julio  y  NAVARRO, Edith. Seasonal and temporal fluctuations of larval densites of Anopheles darlingi Root (Diptera: Culicidae) and insects associated to the habitat in San Isidro Parish, Sifontes municipality, Bolívar state, Venezuela. Bol Mal Salud Amb [online]. 2008, vol.48, n.2, pp.177-189. ISSN 1690-4648.

Anopheles darlingi Root has been considered under natural conditions as human malaria’s principal vector in South America. In Venezuela, Amazonas and Bolivar States, it is responsible for 90 % of malaria cases reported in the country. Field surveys and mosquito larvae sampling of mosquito breeding sites in mining areas, were carried out in seven localities of Sifontes county, Bolívar state during one month, between 2 and 29 June 1999. The breeding sites were a priori classified into four larval habitat categories: lagoons, streams, rivers and herbaceous swamps. At each breeding site, 30 dips for mosquito larvae samples were made. Simultaneously with mosquito larvae sampling, four selected variables of water were measured: temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and water depth. On the other hand, a longitudinal study was carried out in the typical An. darlingi breeding site (shaded streams) in El Granzón (Sifontes county). Field surveys of mosquito larvae and aquatic insects were carried out in the same breeding site over a one-year period (July, 1999 to June, 2000). At this breeding site, Anopheles larvae and aquatic insects were collected monthly. During the study, 12 samples were taken from this larval habitat of An. darlingi. Seasonal and temporal variations of An. darlingi larvae and aquatic insects were determined. Relationships among the rain in the previous month, abundance of aquatic insects and abundance of An. darlingi larvae, were investigated using the Spearman nonparametric test (Spearman rank correlation). Results of the analysis revealed that the abundance of An. darlingi mosquito larvae was negatively correlated with the rainfall in the previous month. On the other hand, the results indicate that the abundance of An. darlingi larvae was negatively correlated with the abundance of the family Naucoridae (Hemiptera), and this family was positively correlated with the rainfall in the previous month. The typical An. darlingi larval habitat was classified into the category “streams shaded”. This streams were very shaded (90-100%), with a water depth of 65.22 cm, with abundant floating organic debris (dry foliage, leaves, trash, small stick), a pH of 6.16, dissolved oxygen of 6.40 g/L, and a water temperature of 26ºC.

Palabras clave : Seasonal variations; Anopheles; larvae; habitat; aquatic insects; physical-chemical factors; Malaria; Bolívar state; Venezuela.