Resumo

AGRELA, Irma F; HIDALGO, Yessika  e  HERRERA, Flor. Larvicide effect of methanolic extracts from seeds and leaves Persea americana (Laurales: Lauraceae) (avocado) on Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Bol Mal Salud Amb [online]. 2014, vol.54, n.2, pp.199-207. ISSN 1690-4648.

Aedes aegypti is the main vector of dengue in the Americas. This disease is one of the most important arboviruses in Venezuela due to the high morbidity and mortality it produces. The absence of a vaccine against this virus has led to the indiscriminate use of insecticides causing vector resistance, environmental damage and adverse reactions in susceptible individuals. The search for effective and inexpensive ways to control dengue has led to the evaluation of plant extracts as a low environmental risk, economical alternative. The aim of this study was to assess the larvicidal effect of methanol extracts obtained from the seeds and leaves of Persea americana (avocado) on Ae. aegypti [Rockefeller and Mario Briceño Iragorry (MBI) strains]. The methanol extract obtained from the seeds proved to be the most toxic for Ae. aegypti, producing 100% mortality 24 hours post-exposure, at concentrations of 25 mg/L (Rockefeller strain) and 50 mg/L (MBI strain). The lethal concentrations (LC₅₀) were: a) methanol seed extract LC₅₀ = 5.7 mg/L (Rockefeller strain) and 9.9 mg/L (MBI strain), b) methanol leaf extract LC₅₀ = 22.8 mg/L (Rockefeller strain) and 26.2 mg/L (MBI strain). These results demonstrate the toxicity of methanol extracts from avocado seeds and leaves for Ae. aegypti and suggest that these products have potential as chemical controls of this vector.

Palavras-chave : dengue; Aedes aegypti; Persea americana; larvicide; lethal concentrations.

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