Abstract

GOMEZ MARTINEZ, Erika et al. First report of Cyclospora cayetanensis in an indigenous Kariña A community in Sucre state, Venezuela. Bol Mal Salud Amb [online]. 2016, vol.56, n.1, pp.19-29. ISSN 1690-4648.

Cyclospora cayetanensis is an emerging protozoan pathogen considered as a major cause of endemic and epidemic diarrhea in children and adults worldwide. In Sucre state, Venezuela, few investigations have focused on the diagnosis of intestinal coccidia, and the epidemiological aspects associated with these intestinal parasites are unknown. The prevalence of enteroparasitosis, in particular intestinal coccidian, was studied in an indigenous Kariña community in Piñantal, Sucre state, Venezuela. A total of 141 fecal specimens were collected from individuals of both sexes, aged between 0 and 60 years. Parasitological diagnosis was done by direct examination, filtration technique with 5% formalin, 2.5% potassium dichromate, Kinyoun stain and ocular micrometry. The total prevalence of intestinal parasites was 82.98% with the chromista Blastocystis spp. (60.8%), Endolimax nana (24.7%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (25.53%), being the most abundant species. Of the evaluated intestinal coccidia, only Cyclospora cayetanensis (10%) was found, with individuals under 20 years old being the most affected (85.71%). The high prevalence of C. cayetanensis reflects inadequate living conditions associated with poor health and a lack of education among the indigenous Kariña population. Of the individuals infected with Cyclosporiosis, only 36% had diarrhea and the remaining 64% were asymptomatic carriers, these latter representing an epidemiological risk. This should be taken into account by the competent health authorities and the diagnosis of coccidia conducted routinely in order to reduce outbreaks.

Keywords : Cyclospora cayetanensis; enteroparasitosis; indigenous; intestinal coccidia.