Resumo

ABOU ORM, Sandra et al. Tasas de infección de Plasmodium spp. para algunos Anopheles spp. del municipio Sifontes, Estado Bolívar, VenezuelaPlasmodium spp. infection rates for some Anopheles spp. from Sifontes Municipality, Bolívar State, Venezuela. Bol Mal Salud Amb [online]. 2017, vol.57, n.1, pp.17-25. ISSN 1690-4648.

Bolivar state represents the most important focus of malaria transmission in Venezuela, most malaria cases are related to gold-mining, especially in the Sifontes municipality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the rate of natural Plasmodium spp. infection in Anopheles spp. collected between September 2009 and January 2012 in Sifontes. Out of 1,633 Anopheles spp. collected, the most abundant species were An. darlingi Root (56.7%), An. Albitarsis Lynch Arribalzaga sensulato(30.6%) and An. nuneztovari Gabaldon s.l. (11.7%). All the mosquitoes were assayed individually by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sixty-five were positive for Plasmodium spp. An. albitarsis s.l. had the highest infection rate, 5.4% (27/499; 95% CI: 3.63- 7.76), followed by An. darlingi with 4.0% (37/926; 95% CI: 2.86-5.45) and An. nuneztovari s.l. with 0.5% (1/191; 95% CI: 0.03-2.58). The overall infection rate was 3.9% (65/1,633; 95% CI:3.10-5.0). The rates of infection by Plasmodium species in mosquitoes were 3.7% (61/1633) for P. vivax and 0.2% (4/1633) for P. falciparum. The results show that the species An. albitarsis s.l.increased its rate of infection by Plasmodium more than 3 times in ten years. This natural infection of the vectors by  Plasmodium may explain the current epidemiological situation of the Sifontes municipality as not only would the transmission remain, it would also be promoted.

Palavras-chave : Malaria; natural infection; Plasmodium spp; Anopheles darlingi; An. albitarsis s.l.; Sifontes Municipality.

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