Objective:

To examine the existing evidence on coping strategies among relatives of patients with prolonged stays in intensive care units (ICUs) from 2020 to 2025.

Methods:

Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method studies in Spanish, English, or Portuguese were considered, focusing on adults accompanying critically ill patients aged ≥18 years. The search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, and LILACS. Data management was performed using Rayyan, and study quality and evidence level were appraised according to the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice model.

Results:

Twenty-six studies met the inclusion criteria, clustering around three main themes: educational and communication interventions that reduce uncertainty; group or individual psychosocial support strengthening internal coping resources; and self-care practices grounded in mindfulness, spirituality, or social networks.

Conclusion:

High levels of stress, anxiety, and depression were observed among family members, with variations depending on the measurement instruments and contextual factors. (Source: DeCS).