Introduction:

Lung cancer represents a serious health problem.

Objective:

The objective of the research was to analyze the current evidence on the effectiveness of biomarkers in its early detection.

Methodology:

A systematic review was conducted, using the PRISMA 2020 method for the search process. The search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar, applying filters for language, year, and type of publication. Twenty-five studies that met the inclusion criteria were included..

Results:

Molecular and protein biomarkers, combined with liquid biopsy and artificial intelligence, show high efficacy in early detection, overcoming limitations of traditional methods.

Conclusions:

These findings support the progressive incorporation of biomarkers into population screening protocols and suggest future multicenter research for their clinical validation. To achieve effective implementation, it is necessary to address economic limitations, improve the standardization of protocols and validate their usefulness in multicenter studies, following the example of innovations already applied in other neoplasms