Abstract

ILLICACHI GUZNAY, Raúl. Military governments, agrarian reform, and transformation of the Ecuadorian state from 1960 until the return to democracy. Revista InveCom [online]. 2024, vol.4, n.2, e040268.  Epub Aug 23, 2024. ISSN 2739-0063.  https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10758465.

This article aims to provide an analytical framework for examining military governments in Ecuador within the context of the 20th century, starting from the year 1960. To achieve this purpose, the article is structured into four elements. In the first section, a shift in the political landscape is analyzed, highlighting the persistent gap between society and the State. Additionally, the limited democratic consolidation and the strong political influence of the Armed Forces in the country are emphasized. The second part addresses the impact of the first and second Land Reform and Colonization Laws. The third part outlines the emergence of a new type of State in Ecuador. Finally, the fourth section focuses on the abolition of the wasipungo through Agrarian Reform and the notable transformation in rural living standards, ultimately leading to internal and external migration. In the development of this study, a qualitative research methodology was employed, specifically focusing on the historical dimension through texts related to the Military Junta and Agrarian Reform. In conclusion, a shift in the political landscape is highlighted, emphasizing the persistent gap between society and the State, along with the lack of democratic consolidation and the strong influence of the Armed Forces in the country's politics.

Keywords : democracy; military junta; agrarian reform.

        · abstract in Spanish     · text in Spanish     · Spanish ( pdf )