Resumen

ACEVEDO CARRILLO, Mauricio; CABEZAS TORRES, Norma Milena; LA SERNA LA ROSA, Pablo Antonio  y  ARAUJO ROSSEL, Shiriam Alejandra. Challenges and opportunities of artificial intelligence in Latin American higher education: A systematic literature review. Revista InveCom [online]. 2026, vol.6, n.1, e601074.  Epub 21-Jul-2025. ISSN 2739-0063.  https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15508755.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has established itself as a disruptive agent in the digital transformation of universities, driving new forms of teaching, assessment, and academic management. In Latin America, its incorporation into the university environment is advancing amidst opportunities for innovation and ethical, pedagogical, and structural challenges. Therefore, this research aims to systematically analyze scientific production between 2020 and 2024 that addresses the integration of AI in Latin American higher education institutions, identifying its contributions, challenges, opportunities, and emerging trends. To this end, a qualitative systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA protocol, using the terms "artificial intelligence" and "university higher education." After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 40 relevant articles published during the aforementioned period were selected. The analysis was thematic, not statistical, and the results were organized into four key dimensions: technological innovation, pedagogical transformation, educational ethics, and institutional sustainability. The reviewed studies highlight the potential of AI to personalize learning, optimize teaching management, and foster inclusive environments. However, they also warn of risks associated with privacy, automated assessment, and insufficient teacher training. In conclusion, AI represents both a strategic opportunity and a structural challenge for Latin American universities. Its effective integration requires clear educational policies, investment in teacher training, critical evaluation of its applications, and ethical algorithmic governance that guarantees inclusion, equity, and educational quality.

Palabras clave : adaptive learning; higher education; artificial intelligence.

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