Abstract

NAVARRO VELIZ, Javier Amador et al. Limited liability in the disposal of hydrocarbons or hazardous waste in urban spaces. e-Rev. Multidiscip. Saber [online]. 2025, vol.3, e-RMS03072025.  Epub Sep 23, 2025. ISSN 2960-2467.  https://doi.org/10.61286/e-rms.v3i.214.

Global urbanization has intensified the generation of hazardous waste and hydrocarbons, posing a growing threat to public health and urban ecosystems, particularly in developing countries. In Peru, despite a robust legal framework that establishes the comprehensive responsibility of the generator and prohibits the improper disposal of these wastes, its effective application faces obstacles. One of the main tensions lies in the dual interpretation of “limited liability”: while environmental law dictates continuous and non-transferable responsibility, in the commercial sphere, Limited Liability Companies (SRLs) do not compromise the personal assets of their partners. This duality, coupled with limited oversight, scarce municipal infrastructure, and weak coordination among MINAM, OEFA, and local governments, creates gaps in the application of sanctions and weakens accountability. This study, employing an analytical-descriptive approach and a comparative documentary design, analyzed Peruvian laws and 18 recent scientific studies. The findings were organized into five thematic clusters: urban problematic, hydrocarbon contamination, management and recycling, sustainable solutions, and legal limitations. The analysis revealed a critical gap between regulations and their implementation. “Hydrocarbon Problematic” showed a direct causal relationship; “Management Problematic,” a structural-functional relationship; “Management Solutions,” an adaptive response; and “Legal Limitations,” a transversal relationship of maximum influence. It is concluded that it is urgent to strengthen oversight, clarify competencies, and improve infrastructure to achieve sustainable hazardous waste management in urban environments.

Keywords : hazardous waste; urbanization; legal responsibility; urban environmental pollution; environmental management.

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