Abstract

QUINCHO-APUMAYTA, Raú et al. Truncated trajectories: critical factors in university dropouts from a systemic perspective. e-Rev. Multidiscip. Saber [online]. 2025, vol.3, e-RMS04072025.  Epub Sep 23, 2025. ISSN 2960-2467.  https://doi.org/10.61286/e-rms.v3i.222.

University dropout, understood as the process by which a student voluntarily or involuntarily abandons the degree program in which he/she is enrolled, responds to the influence of multiple internal and external factors. At the National University of Huancavelica (Peru), this phenomenon manifests itself significantly, especially in intercultural contexts. Within this framework, the present study aims to analyze the critical factors linked to university dropout through a systematic review of academic research published between 2010 and 2024. The methodology was based on the guidelines of the PRISMA Declaration, and the process of collecting scientific literature was carried out mainly through databases such as Scopus, ProQuest, SciELO and Google Scholar, during a total period of nine months. The identification, screening, eligibility assessment and inclusion stages were carried out over a period of three months. After rigorous selection, 24 relevant studies were included. Among the most significant findings, four key dimensions were identified as having a direct impact on university dropout in intercultural contexts: vocational orientation, academic performance, socioeconomic status and institutional aspects. These factors are particularly relevant in regions such as Huancavelica, characterized by a marked cultural diversity and a complex territorial structure made up of seven provinces and 102 districts. Understanding the interaction of these elements is essential to design effective institutional strategies that promote student retention and academic success in environments with high socio-cultural diversity.

Keywords : university dropout; intercultural contexts; vocational orientation; academic performance; socioeconomic situation.

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