Resumen

MENDOZA, Alexandra. Recurrence of the system leader in the Republican history of Venezuela: A positivist approach to the phenomenon. Tiempo y Espacio [online]. 2014, vol.24, n.61, pp.267-288. ISSN 1315-9496.

In the present investigation are tackled three ideas of caudillismo, under the positivist Magnifier, nineteenth-century recurrence and the pretense of moving this phenomenon to the present century. The phenomenon of caudillismo has been dealt with early by interesting authors who have approached it from different perspectives. Th e warlordism in the light of the scientific thesis of positivism, exposed by the Venezuelans Laureano Vallenilla Lanz, José Gil Fortoul and Pedro Manuel Arcaya. They argued that it is a phenomenon produced by the ethnic determinism, of the environment and race and that they also recognize the existence of two specific moments in the confi guration of the leader phenomenon, an initial phase “anarchic warlordism” and a “despotic caudillismo” outcome. The recurrence with which caudillismo is presented by more than twelve decades in Venezuela and other Latin American countries, is nothing more than the reflection of the vacuum of power or failing the precariousness of the central power, the presence of the caudillo, the intermittent revolutions, personal interests, political dislocation, the weakness of institutions, the atmosphere of violence, the prevalence of rurality, the dismantling of economic and administrative, among others. This being a historical problem of large dimensions for our recent history, studies and insights on caudillismo been nurtured by new sources and new approach. However, in recent times has been written and has been declared “returns caudillismo”, perhaps, by some of the practices of Government excess, take this as true is to ignore the dynamics of the phenomenon itself. Trying to drag it to other periods is force realities, ignoring its context and political practice; and finally this can be interpreted as the conceptual confusion between warlordism and personalism.

Palabras clave : 19th century; warlordism; positivism; recurrence; violence; power; violence.

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